Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Released from the Petroleum Refinery Industry using Mathematical Modelling with Aspen HYSYS

Imran Nazir Unar; Inamullah Maitlo; Safdar Ali; Sumaira Yousuf Khan; Mohammad Kashif Riaz; Sikandar Ali; Amjad Jatoi

doi:10.58921/jse.03.01.081

Imran Nazir Unar Department of Chemical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
Inamullah Maitlo Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
Safdar Ali Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
Sumaira Yousuf Khan Department of Mathematics, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
Mohammad Kashif Riaz Department of Chemical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
Sikandar Ali Department of Basic Science and Humanities, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
Amjad Jatoi

DOI: https://doi.org/10.58921/jse.03.01.081

Keywords: Mathematical modelling, Aspen HYSYS, Greenhouse gases, Petroleum Refinery

Abstract

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are substances that consume and release radiant energy in the thermal infrared range. Greenhouse gases are the cause of the global greenhouse effect. The most common greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere are water vapor (H₂O), CO₂ and methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O). In the absence of greenhouse gases, the earth's normal surface temperature is about -18 ° C (0 ° F) instead of the current value of about 15 °C (59 °F). Greenhouse gas emissions in this sector result in vents, flares and fugitive losses caused by emissions from equipment (such as valves, flanges, pumps). In addition to the emissions from oil refining operations, it also includes the stationary flue gases that have been installed in these plants. In this study, the US EPA method was used to calculate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and carbon rates of the refinery modeled in this study. The Aspen HYSYS software was used to develop computer models for the refinery industry. The research was performed by changing the feed rate of the feed stream, i.e. crude oil, by changing the temperature and changing the pressure. In order to study the impact of the final feed fuel source, the five various fuel sources were chosen, namingly, crude oil, natural gas, municipal solid waste (MSW), bituminous coal, and lignite. This study came to the following conclusions. Under power flow conditions of 3000 USGPM, temperature of 350 °F and 75 psia, the highest carbon cost of the Lignite Fuel source was US $ 524 / h. While at 3000 USGPM, temperature 650 ^oF, and 75 psia, the lowest carbon cost of the natural gas fuel source was US $ 29.7 / h.