GC/GC-MS analysis and biological activities of Lantana Camara Linn.

Riffat Abdul Ghafoor; Anjum Ayub; Syed Nawazish Ali; Aneela Wahab; Sabira Begum; Bina Shaheen Siddiqui; Saima Tauseef; Muhammad Tariq Rajput

doi:10.58921/jse.02.03.057

Riffat Abdul Ghafoor Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi
Anjum Ayub Department of Chemistry, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
Syed Nawazish Ali Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi.
Aneela Wahab Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi
Sabira Begum HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi
Bina Shaheen Siddiqui HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi
Saima Tauseef Department of Microbiology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
Muhammad Tariq Rajput Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Karachi

DOI: https://doi.org/10.58921/jse.02.03.057

Keywords: Lantana camara Linn, medicinal plants, GC/GC-MS analysis, chemical composition, antibacterial, antifungal, dengue mosquito repellent, larvicidal activities

Abstract

Medicinal plants have been a part of human history for thousands of years and are still used as healthcare throughout the world. The current research aims to explore the chemical constituents of the methanol soluble extract (LC-Me) and petroleum ether soluble fraction (LCM-PES) from the leaves of Lantana camara Linn by GC/ GC-MS. This chemical analysis revealed the existence of 16 and 23 phytoconstituents in LC-Me and LCM-PES respectively. The major constituents in LC-Me were found to beethyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate (31.9%), hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (12.6%), n-hexadecanoic acid (11.1%), linoleic acid ethyl ester (9.1%), squalene (8.7%), di-n-octyl phthalate (6.2%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- (4.2%), (E)-9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester (2.7%) andcyclopropanebutanoicacid,2-[[2-[[2-[(2-pentylcyclopropyl)methyl]cyclopropyl]methyl]cyclopropyl]methyl]-, methyl ester (2.3%). The chief bioactive compounds in petroleum ether soluble fraction were found to beandrost-8-en-3-ol, 4,4,14α-trimethyl-17-(2-bromo-1-methylethyl (57.9%), 14,17-nor-3,21-dioxo-β-amyrin, 17,18-didehydro-3-dehydroxy- (13.0%), barringtogenol B (2.5%), olean-12-ene-3,16,21,22,28-pentol, 21-(2-methyl-2-butenoate), [3β,16α,21β(Z),22α]-(1.7%),perhydrocyclopropa[e]azulene-4,5,6-triol, 1,1,4,6-tetramethyl (1.7%), ethyl iso-allocholate (1.6%) and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester (1.6%). Both the extract and its fraction have exhibited very significant antibacterial, antifungal,mosquito repellent and larvicidal propertiesoriginated by numerous bioactive metabolites. Twenty eight (20 Gram-positive and 8 Gram-negative) bacteria were tested against LC.Me and LCM-PESwith noteworthy zone of inhibition.The significant in vitro antifungal activity was observed against fifteen fungi in LC-Me and LCM-PES. Very robust initial repellency was observed for LC-Me and LCM-PES (94% and 80% respectively) against the dengue-carrying mosquito (Aedes aegypti) at 2% concentration. The extract and its fraction were also found to be an efficient larvicidal agent against fourth-stage larvae of Aedes aegypti. The effective larvicidal property was noted in methanol soluble extract as compared topetroleum ether soluble fraction and standard with LC₅₀value of 20 and 400 ppm respectively.